(function (f) { if (typeof exports === "object" && typeof module !== "undefined") { module.exports = f() } else if (typeof define === "function" && define.amd) { define([], f) } else { var g; if (typeof window !== "undefined") { g = window } else if (typeof global !== "undefined") { g = global } else if (typeof self !== "undefined") { g = self } else { g = this } g.Qs = f() } })(function () {
  var define, module, exports; return (function () { function r(e, n, t) { function o(i, f) { if (!n[i]) { if (!e[i]) { var c = "function" == typeof require && require; if (!f && c) return c(i, !0); if (u) return u(i, !0); var a = new Error("Cannot find module '" + i + "'"); throw a.code = "MODULE_NOT_FOUND", a } var p = n[i] = { exports: {} }; e[i][0].call(p.exports, function (r) { var n = e[i][1][r]; return o(n || r) }, p, p.exports, r, e, n, t) } return n[i].exports } for (var u = "function" == typeof require && require, i = 0; i < t.length; i++)o(t[i]); return o } return r })()({
    1: [function (require, module, exports) {
      'use strict';

      var replace = String.prototype.replace;
      var percentTwenties = /%20/g;

      module.exports = {
        'default': 'RFC3986',
        formatters: {
          RFC1738: function (value) {
            return replace.call(value, percentTwenties, '+');
          },
          RFC3986: function (value) {
            return value;
          }
        },
        RFC1738: 'RFC1738',
        RFC3986: 'RFC3986'
      };

    }, {}], 2: [function (require, module, exports) {
      'use strict';

      var stringify = require('./stringify');
      var parse = require('./parse');
      var formats = require('./formats');

      module.exports = {
        formats: formats,
        parse: parse,
        stringify: stringify
      };

    }, { "./formats": 1, "./parse": 3, "./stringify": 4 }], 3: [function (require, module, exports) {
      'use strict';

      var utils = require('./utils');

      var has = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;

      var defaults = {
        allowDots: false,
        allowPrototypes: false,
        arrayLimit: 20,
        charset: 'utf-8',
        charsetSentinel: false,
        decoder: utils.decode,
        delimiter: '&',
        depth: 5,
        ignoreQueryPrefix: false,
        interpretNumericEntities: false,
        parameterLimit: 1000,
        parseArrays: true,
        plainObjects: false,
        strictNullHandling: false
      };

      var interpretNumericEntities = function (str) {
        return str.replace(/&#(\d+);/g, function ($0, numberStr) {
          return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(numberStr, 10));
        });
      };

      // This is what browsers will submit when the ✓ character occurs in an
      // application/x-www-form-urlencoded body and the encoding of the page containing
      // the form is iso-8859-1, or when the submitted form has an accept-charset
      // attribute of iso-8859-1. Presumably also with other charsets that do not contain
      // the ✓ character, such as us-ascii.
      var isoSentinel = 'utf8=%26%2310003%3B'; // encodeURIComponent('&#10003;')

      // These are the percent-encoded utf-8 octets representing a checkmark, indicating that the request actually is utf-8 encoded.
      var charsetSentinel = 'utf8=%E2%9C%93'; // encodeURIComponent('✓')

      var parseValues = function parseQueryStringValues(str, options) {
        var obj = {};
        var cleanStr = options.ignoreQueryPrefix ? str.replace(/^\?/, '') : str;
        var limit = options.parameterLimit === Infinity ? undefined : options.parameterLimit;
        var parts = cleanStr.split(options.delimiter, limit);
        var skipIndex = -1; // Keep track of where the utf8 sentinel was found
        var i;

        var charset = options.charset;
        if (options.charsetSentinel) {
          for (i = 0; i < parts.length; ++i) {
            if (parts[i].indexOf('utf8=') === 0) {
              if (parts[i] === charsetSentinel) {
                charset = 'utf-8';
              } else if (parts[i] === isoSentinel) {
                charset = 'iso-8859-1';
              }
              skipIndex = i;
              i = parts.length; // The eslint settings do not allow break;
            }
          }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < parts.length; ++i) {
          if (i === skipIndex) {
            continue;
          }
          var part = parts[i];

          var bracketEqualsPos = part.indexOf(']=');
          var pos = bracketEqualsPos === -1 ? part.indexOf('=') : bracketEqualsPos + 1;

          var key, val;
          if (pos === -1) {
            key = options.decoder(part, defaults.decoder, charset);
            val = options.strictNullHandling ? null : '';
          } else {
            key = options.decoder(part.slice(0, pos), defaults.decoder, charset);
            val = options.decoder(part.slice(pos + 1), defaults.decoder, charset);
          }

          if (val && options.interpretNumericEntities && charset === 'iso-8859-1') {
            val = interpretNumericEntities(val);
          }
          if (has.call(obj, key)) {
            obj[key] = utils.combine(obj[key], val);
          } else {
            obj[key] = val;
          }
        }

        return obj;
      };

      var parseObject = function (chain, val, options) {
        var leaf = val;

        for (var i = chain.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
          var obj;
          var root = chain[i];

          if (root === '[]' && options.parseArrays) {
            obj = [].concat(leaf);
          } else {
            obj = options.plainObjects ? Object.create(null) : {};
            var cleanRoot = root.charAt(0) === '[' && root.charAt(root.length - 1) === ']' ? root.slice(1, -1) : root;
            var index = parseInt(cleanRoot, 10);
            if (!options.parseArrays && cleanRoot === '') {
              obj = { 0: leaf };
            } else if (
              !isNaN(index)
              && root !== cleanRoot
              && String(index) === cleanRoot
              && index >= 0
              && (options.parseArrays && index <= options.arrayLimit)
            ) {
              obj = [];
              obj[index] = leaf;
            } else {
              obj[cleanRoot] = leaf;
            }
          }

          leaf = obj;
        }

        return leaf;
      };

      var parseKeys = function parseQueryStringKeys(givenKey, val, options) {
        if (!givenKey) {
          return;
        }

        // Transform dot notation to bracket notation
        var key = options.allowDots ? givenKey.replace(/\.([^.[]+)/g, '[$1]') : givenKey;

        // The regex chunks

        var brackets = /(\[[^[\]]*])/;
        var child = /(\[[^[\]]*])/g;

        // Get the parent

        var segment = brackets.exec(key);
        var parent = segment ? key.slice(0, segment.index) : key;

        // Stash the parent if it exists

        var keys = [];
        if (parent) {
          // If we aren't using plain objects, optionally prefix keys that would overwrite object prototype properties
          if (!options.plainObjects && has.call(Object.prototype, parent)) {
            if (!options.allowPrototypes) {
              return;
            }
          }

          keys.push(parent);
        }

        // Loop through children appending to the array until we hit depth

        var i = 0;
        while ((segment = child.exec(key)) !== null && i < options.depth) {
          i += 1;
          if (!options.plainObjects && has.call(Object.prototype, segment[1].slice(1, -1))) {
            if (!options.allowPrototypes) {
              return;
            }
          }
          keys.push(segment[1]);
        }

        // If there's a remainder, just add whatever is left

        if (segment) {
          keys.push('[' + key.slice(segment.index) + ']');
        }

        return parseObject(keys, val, options);
      };

      module.exports = function (str, opts) {
        var options = opts ? utils.assign({}, opts) : {};

        if (options.decoder !== null && options.decoder !== undefined && typeof options.decoder !== 'function') {
          throw new TypeError('Decoder has to be a function.');
        }

        options.ignoreQueryPrefix = options.ignoreQueryPrefix === true;
        options.delimiter = typeof options.delimiter === 'string' || utils.isRegExp(options.delimiter) ? options.delimiter : defaults.delimiter;
        options.depth = typeof options.depth === 'number' ? options.depth : defaults.depth;
        options.arrayLimit = typeof options.arrayLimit === 'number' ? options.arrayLimit : defaults.arrayLimit;
        options.parseArrays = options.parseArrays !== false;
        options.decoder = typeof options.decoder === 'function' ? options.decoder : defaults.decoder;
        options.allowDots = typeof options.allowDots === 'undefined' ? defaults.allowDots : !!options.allowDots;
        options.plainObjects = typeof options.plainObjects === 'boolean' ? options.plainObjects : defaults.plainObjects;
        options.allowPrototypes = typeof options.allowPrototypes === 'boolean' ? options.allowPrototypes : defaults.allowPrototypes;
        options.parameterLimit = typeof options.parameterLimit === 'number' ? options.parameterLimit : defaults.parameterLimit;
        options.strictNullHandling = typeof options.strictNullHandling === 'boolean' ? options.strictNullHandling : defaults.strictNullHandling;

        if (typeof options.charset !== 'undefined' && options.charset !== 'utf-8' && options.charset !== 'iso-8859-1') {
          throw new Error('The charset option must be either utf-8, iso-8859-1, or undefined');
        }
        if (typeof options.charset === 'undefined') {
          options.charset = defaults.charset;
        }

        if (str === '' || str === null || typeof str === 'undefined') {
          return options.plainObjects ? Object.create(null) : {};
        }

        var tempObj = typeof str === 'string' ? parseValues(str, options) : str;
        var obj = options.plainObjects ? Object.create(null) : {};

        // Iterate over the keys and setup the new object

        var keys = Object.keys(tempObj);
        for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
          var key = keys[i];
          var newObj = parseKeys(key, tempObj[key], options);
          obj = utils.merge(obj, newObj, options);
        }

        return utils.compact(obj);
      };

    }, { "./utils": 5 }], 4: [function (require, module, exports) {
      'use strict';

      var utils = require('./utils');
      var formats = require('./formats');

      var arrayPrefixGenerators = {
        brackets: function brackets(prefix) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
          return prefix + '[]';
        },
        indices: function indices(prefix, key) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
          return prefix + '[' + key + ']';
        },
        repeat: function repeat(prefix) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
          return prefix;
        }
      };

      var isArray = Array.isArray;
      var push = Array.prototype.push;
      var pushToArray = function (arr, valueOrArray) {
        push.apply(arr, isArray(valueOrArray) ? valueOrArray : [valueOrArray]);
      };

      var toISO = Date.prototype.toISOString;

      var defaults = {
        addQueryPrefix: false,
        allowDots: false,
        charset: 'utf-8',
        charsetSentinel: false,
        delimiter: '&',
        encode: true,
        encoder: utils.encode,
        encodeValuesOnly: false,
        // deprecated
        indices: false,
        serializeDate: function serializeDate(date) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
          return toISO.call(date);
        },
        skipNulls: false,
        strictNullHandling: false
      };

      var stringify = function stringify( // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
        object,
        prefix,
        generateArrayPrefix,
        strictNullHandling,
        skipNulls,
        encoder,
        filter,
        sort,
        allowDots,
        serializeDate,
        formatter,
        encodeValuesOnly,
        charset
      ) {
        var obj = object;
        if (typeof filter === 'function') {
          obj = filter(prefix, obj);
        } else if (obj instanceof Date) {
          obj = serializeDate(obj);
        }

        if (obj === null) {
          if (strictNullHandling) {
            return encoder && !encodeValuesOnly ? encoder(prefix, defaults.encoder, charset) : prefix;
          }

          obj = '';
        }

        if (typeof obj === 'string' || typeof obj === 'number' || typeof obj === 'boolean' || utils.isBuffer(obj)) {
          if (encoder) {
            var keyValue = encodeValuesOnly ? prefix : encoder(prefix, defaults.encoder, charset);
            return [formatter(keyValue) + '=' + formatter(encoder(obj, defaults.encoder, charset))];
          }
          return [formatter(prefix) + '=' + formatter(String(obj))];
        }

        var values = [];

        if (typeof obj === 'undefined') {
          return values;
        }

        var objKeys;
        if (Array.isArray(filter)) {
          objKeys = filter;
        } else {
          var keys = Object.keys(obj);
          objKeys = sort ? keys.sort(sort) : keys;
        }

        for (var i = 0; i < objKeys.length; ++i) {
          var key = objKeys[i];

          if (skipNulls && obj[key] === null) {
            continue;
          }

          if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
            pushToArray(values, stringify(
              obj[key],
              generateArrayPrefix(prefix, key),
              generateArrayPrefix,
              strictNullHandling,
              skipNulls,
              encoder,
              filter,
              sort,
              allowDots,
              serializeDate,
              formatter,
              encodeValuesOnly,
              charset
            ));
          } else {
            pushToArray(values, stringify(
              obj[key],
              prefix + (allowDots ? '.' + key : '[' + key + ']'),
              generateArrayPrefix,
              strictNullHandling,
              skipNulls,
              encoder,
              filter,
              sort,
              allowDots,
              serializeDate,
              formatter,
              encodeValuesOnly,
              charset
            ));
          }
        }

        return values;
      };

      module.exports = function (object, opts) {
        var obj = object;
        var options = opts ? utils.assign({}, opts) : {};

        if (options.encoder !== null && options.encoder !== undefined && typeof options.encoder !== 'function') {
          throw new TypeError('Encoder has to be a function.');
        }

        var delimiter = typeof options.delimiter === 'undefined' ? defaults.delimiter : options.delimiter;
        var strictNullHandling = typeof options.strictNullHandling === 'boolean' ? options.strictNullHandling : defaults.strictNullHandling;
        var skipNulls = typeof options.skipNulls === 'boolean' ? options.skipNulls : defaults.skipNulls;
        var encode = typeof options.encode === 'boolean' ? options.encode : defaults.encode;
        var encoder = typeof options.encoder === 'function' ? options.encoder : defaults.encoder;
        var sort = typeof options.sort === 'function' ? options.sort : null;
        var allowDots = typeof options.allowDots === 'undefined' ? defaults.allowDots : !!options.allowDots;
        var serializeDate = typeof options.serializeDate === 'function' ? options.serializeDate : defaults.serializeDate;
        var encodeValuesOnly = typeof options.encodeValuesOnly === 'boolean' ? options.encodeValuesOnly : defaults.encodeValuesOnly;
        var charset = options.charset || defaults.charset;
        if (typeof options.charset !== 'undefined' && options.charset !== 'utf-8' && options.charset !== 'iso-8859-1') {
          throw new Error('The charset option must be either utf-8, iso-8859-1, or undefined');
        }

        if (typeof options.format === 'undefined') {
          options.format = formats['default'];
        } else if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(formats.formatters, options.format)) {
          throw new TypeError('Unknown format option provided.');
        }
        var formatter = formats.formatters[options.format];
        var objKeys;
        var filter;

        if (typeof options.filter === 'function') {
          filter = options.filter;
          obj = filter('', obj);
        } else if (Array.isArray(options.filter)) {
          filter = options.filter;
          objKeys = filter;
        }

        var keys = [];

        if (typeof obj !== 'object' || obj === null) {
          return '';
        }

        var arrayFormat;
        if (options.arrayFormat in arrayPrefixGenerators) {
          arrayFormat = options.arrayFormat;
        } else if ('indices' in options) {
          arrayFormat = options.indices ? 'indices' : 'repeat';
        } else {
          arrayFormat = 'indices';
        }

        var generateArrayPrefix = arrayPrefixGenerators[arrayFormat];

        if (!objKeys) {
          objKeys = Object.keys(obj);
        }

        if (sort) {
          objKeys.sort(sort);
        }

        for (var i = 0; i < objKeys.length; ++i) {
          var key = objKeys[i];

          if (skipNulls && obj[key] === null) {
            continue;
          }
          pushToArray(keys, stringify(
            obj[key],
            key,
            generateArrayPrefix,
            strictNullHandling,
            skipNulls,
            encode ? encoder : null,
            filter,
            sort,
            allowDots,
            serializeDate,
            formatter,
            encodeValuesOnly,
            charset
          ));
        }

        var joined = keys.join(delimiter);
        var prefix = options.addQueryPrefix === true ? '?' : '';

        if (options.charsetSentinel) {
          if (charset === 'iso-8859-1') {
            // encodeURIComponent('&#10003;'), the "numeric entity" representation of a checkmark
            prefix += 'utf8=%26%2310003%3B&';
          } else {
            // encodeURIComponent('✓')
            prefix += 'utf8=%E2%9C%93&';
          }
        }

        return joined.length > 0 ? prefix + joined : '';
      };

    }, { "./formats": 1, "./utils": 5 }], 5: [function (require, module, exports) {
      'use strict';

      var has = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;

      var hexTable = (function () {
        var array = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
          array.push('%' + ((i < 16 ? '0' : '') + i.toString(16)).toUpperCase());
        }

        return array;
      }());

      var compactQueue = function compactQueue(queue) {
        while (queue.length > 1) {
          var item = queue.pop();
          var obj = item.obj[item.prop];

          if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
            var compacted = [];

            for (var j = 0; j < obj.length; ++j) {
              if (typeof obj[j] !== 'undefined') {
                compacted.push(obj[j]);
              }
            }

            item.obj[item.prop] = compacted;
          }
        }
      };

      var arrayToObject = function arrayToObject(source, options) {
        var obj = options && options.plainObjects ? Object.create(null) : {};
        for (var i = 0; i < source.length; ++i) {
          if (typeof source[i] !== 'undefined') {
            obj[i] = source[i];
          }
        }

        return obj;
      };

      var merge = function merge(target, source, options) {
        if (!source) {
          return target;
        }

        if (typeof source !== 'object') {
          if (Array.isArray(target)) {
            target.push(source);
          } else if (typeof target === 'object') {
            if ((options && (options.plainObjects || options.allowPrototypes)) || !has.call(Object.prototype, source)) {
              target[source] = true;
            }
          } else {
            return [target, source];
          }

          return target;
        }

        if (typeof target !== 'object') {
          return [target].concat(source);
        }

        var mergeTarget = target;
        if (Array.isArray(target) && !Array.isArray(source)) {
          mergeTarget = arrayToObject(target, options);
        }

        if (Array.isArray(target) && Array.isArray(source)) {
          source.forEach(function (item, i) {
            if (has.call(target, i)) {
              if (target[i] && typeof target[i] === 'object') {
                target[i] = merge(target[i], item, options);
              } else {
                target.push(item);
              }
            } else {
              target[i] = item;
            }
          });
          return target;
        }

        return Object.keys(source).reduce(function (acc, key) {
          var value = source[key];

          if (has.call(acc, key)) {
            acc[key] = merge(acc[key], value, options);
          } else {
            acc[key] = value;
          }
          return acc;
        }, mergeTarget);
      };

      var assign = function assignSingleSource(target, source) {
        return Object.keys(source).reduce(function (acc, key) {
          acc[key] = source[key];
          return acc;
        }, target);
      };

      var decode = function (str, decoder, charset) {
        var strWithoutPlus = str.replace(/\+/g, ' ');
        if (charset === 'iso-8859-1') {
          // unescape never throws, no try...catch needed:
          return strWithoutPlus.replace(/%[0-9a-f]{2}/gi, unescape);
        }
        // utf-8
        try {
          return decodeURIComponent(strWithoutPlus);
        } catch (e) {
          return strWithoutPlus;
        }
      };

      var encode = function encode(str, defaultEncoder, charset) {
        // This code was originally written by Brian White (mscdex) for the io.js core querystring library.
        // It has been adapted here for stricter adherence to RFC 3986
        if (str.length === 0) {
          return str;
        }

        var string = typeof str === 'string' ? str : String(str);

        if (charset === 'iso-8859-1') {
          return escape(string).replace(/%u[0-9a-f]{4}/gi, function ($0) {
            return '%26%23' + parseInt($0.slice(2), 16) + '%3B';
          });
        }

        var out = '';
        for (var i = 0; i < string.length; ++i) {
          var c = string.charCodeAt(i);

          if (
            c === 0x2D // -
            || c === 0x2E // .
            || c === 0x5F // _
            || c === 0x7E // ~
            || (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39) // 0-9
            || (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x5A) // a-z
            || (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x7A) // A-Z
          ) {
            out += string.charAt(i);
            continue;
          }

          if (c < 0x80) {
            out = out + hexTable[c];
            continue;
          }

          if (c < 0x800) {
            out = out + (hexTable[0xC0 | (c >> 6)] + hexTable[0x80 | (c & 0x3F)]);
            continue;
          }

          if (c < 0xD800 || c >= 0xE000) {
            out = out + (hexTable[0xE0 | (c >> 12)] + hexTable[0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F)] + hexTable[0x80 | (c & 0x3F)]);
            continue;
          }

          i += 1;
          c = 0x10000 + (((c & 0x3FF) << 10) | (string.charCodeAt(i) & 0x3FF));
          out += hexTable[0xF0 | (c >> 18)]
            + hexTable[0x80 | ((c >> 12) & 0x3F)]
            + hexTable[0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F)]
            + hexTable[0x80 | (c & 0x3F)];
        }

        return out;
      };

      var compact = function compact(value) {
        var queue = [{ obj: { o: value }, prop: 'o' }];
        var refs = [];

        for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; ++i) {
          var item = queue[i];
          var obj = item.obj[item.prop];

          var keys = Object.keys(obj);
          for (var j = 0; j < keys.length; ++j) {
            var key = keys[j];
            var val = obj[key];
            if (typeof val === 'object' && val !== null && refs.indexOf(val) === -1) {
              queue.push({ obj: obj, prop: key });
              refs.push(val);
            }
          }
        }

        compactQueue(queue);

        return value;
      };

      var isRegExp = function isRegExp(obj) {
        return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object RegExp]';
      };

      var isBuffer = function isBuffer(obj) {
        if (obj === null || typeof obj === 'undefined') {
          return false;
        }

        return !!(obj.constructor && obj.constructor.isBuffer && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj));
      };

      var combine = function combine(a, b) {
        return [].concat(a, b);
      };

      module.exports = {
        arrayToObject: arrayToObject,
        assign: assign,
        combine: combine,
        compact: compact,
        decode: decode,
        encode: encode,
        isBuffer: isBuffer,
        isRegExp: isRegExp,
        merge: merge
      };

    }, {}]
  }, {}, [2])(2)
});